(Edi)
Think we figured it out:
If you add the following HTML code at the top of a page via the Odoo HTML editor:
<t t-name="website.PAGENAME">
<t t-call="website.layout">
<style>
h1 {font-family: "Comic Sans MS", cursive, sans-serif; font-size:50px;}
</style>
</t>
</t>
You will see that each H1 text (on that page only) is concverted to comic sans 50px. If you never use H6 on your website you may better declare H6 so you are still flexible to use H1 in the theme lettertype as well on that page if you want.
This method works for all websafe fonts, you can copy paste them here http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_websafe_fonts.asp
We wanted however a different font, at http://www.fontsquirrel.com/tools/webfont-generator you can upload your font (make sure you have the correct licence) and let it generate a web-font kit. Upload the whole kit to your server, in the kit there is a generated stylesheet.css which contains the code you can probably also add to the frontend.css which your theme uses. If you did this the above HTML code should also allow to use that custom font (we are still checking, will update if we are wrong or found out more)
(ignore below comments)